PART V. APOCRAPHA: (HIDDEN)

 

        (Roman Catholic pawlin Baibal sungah an hman telmi)

Apocrapha timi Greek tongih san cu  ‘Hidden’ ‘Thuhruk’ tinak asi. A sim duhsan cu Jews pawl Baibal bu 15 (Thuthlunghlun) le Thuthlungthar sungah telh lomi Pathianthu pawl asi. Cu pawl cu Khristian hruaitu pawlin church council (kawhhran ton khawmnak) ah an rel khawm hnu ah Pathian Thuthianghlim asilo an tiih an rak hnawn mi pawl an si.

 

A.    APOCRYPHA THUANTHU

          Hlanlai Baibal nganmi hmuhsuakmi vekin (II Esdras siar lo) Apocrapha cabu pawl cu Septuagint Baibal ahcun an rak telh thluh. Thuthlunghlun lakah an telh. Esdras kha Ezara le Nehemiah hlan ah a umih, Esther hnu ah Judith le Tobit, Addition to Esther le Daniel cu bukhat vekin a lang. The Wisdom of Solomon le Ecclesiasticus kha Job cabu thawn an kawp aw. Baruch cu Jeremiah cabu hnu ah ret asi. Maccabees kha kamsang pawl ca ngan mi hnu lamah, cun The Prayer of Manasseh kha Septuagint belhbawmtu vekin ngan mi a rak si.

       Ciangzetin kan theihthei mi cu Apocrypha cabu pawl hi khui mi pawl pommi an si ti a um lo ih, Khristian pawlin Baibal kha scroll (cazial) ihsin cabu vekah an rak tuah tikah Apocrypha pawl cu Pathian thuthianghlim  dunglamah a hranten an rak ret khawm.

       Cuticun Khristian ca ngantu pawlin Thuthianghlim tiah Hebru pawlin an pommi belhbawmtu ah Apocrapha pawl kha cabu dunglamah an telh. Cuticun ca ngantu pawl cun Pathian thu vekin an rak ret loih Pathian thu theihfiang theinak dingah siseh thuanthu belhbawmtu vekin an rak ret sawn mi asi. Asinan Jews pawl thuanthu le Apocrypha cabu thuanthu  thei ngaingai lo tu Gentel Khristian pawl an tam vivo tikah Baibal cabu sungah an ngan tel mi hmuahhmuah cu Pathian thuthianghlim vekin a run pawm. Septuagint cu Greek tongin ngan mi a siiih Khristian hmaisa pawl cun a tlangpi thu in an rak hmanmi a siih a sung um thu hmuahhmuah cu Pathian thuthianghlim vekin an rak pawm.

         Cuticun, Jews thuanthu ziang thei hrawthrai lo Grik le Latin Khristian zumtu, Irenaeus, Clement of Alexandria, Cyprian pawlin Apocrypha cabu pawl kha an siar tikah Hebru Baibal dang pawl thawn danglamnak nei loin an ruatih Pathian Thuthianghlim tlukin an rak upatih an rak hmang. Asinan Jews thuanthu a theitu malte (Origin le Jerome) cun Jews pawlin ziang cabu pawl kha Pathian Thuthianghlim tiah an pom timi an zirih an ziangzawi. Curuangah Khristian pawl lakah Apocrypha pawl hi khui tawk hmun vekah ziangvekin kan ret ding ti thu reipi an buaipi. Augustine in Apocrypha hrekhat pawl kha Thuthianghlim lakah a retih Pathian thu vekin a hmang, Cule Augustine ih thu zawm ve tu Hippo ih kawhhran tawn awknak (church council) 39 AD ahcun an pom ve ih Carthage ih kawhhran tawn khawm awknak (church council) khalah cui thu cu an pulut salih an pom ve (AD 397).

            Cuti asi laiah, Pathian thuthiam sangfilawr (scholar) pakhat, Jerome (AD 340-420) cun latin Vulgate Baibal a leh tikah Apocrypha pawl kha Pathian Thuthianghlim ah a pom hai lo. Jerome cun Apocrypha cabu pawl kha Khristian pawl hrang ahcun siar ttha cu an sinan Pathian thu zirh awknak tlak an si lo a ti. Curuangah Apocrypha cabu pawl cu Thuthianghlim ah pom ding a duh loih Augustine pawl thawn an rak el aw rero. Cule Latin ttongih leh ding hman a duh lo nan a leh hnu ah ziangti lam in simaw Latin ttongin a run let leh thotho. Judith le Tobit kha bishop in a nawr nak ruangah hmanhmawh zatin a rak let nan Pathian thuthianghlim pawl lak ihsin a danglamnak a lailang ringring. Asinan kum ziangmawzat a rung rei hnu ah Latin Khristian pawlin Apocrypha bu dang pawl kha Latin Baibal sungah an run telh hai.

         Cuticun kawhhran dinsalnak ( reformation) lai ah khan Protestant hotu pawlin Pomcia mi Hebru Thuthianghlim le Apocrypha pawl kha an thlei dangih Pathian thu vekin an pom duh lo. Asinan kum 1546, Trent khua ah kawhhran tawn khawm awknak (church council) an tuah tikah Roman Catholic hruaitu pawlin (The Prayer of Manasseh, I le II Esdras siar lo) Apocrypha cabu pawl kha Thuthlunghlun Pathian Thuthianghlim asi tiah an puangih  cui Apocrypha cabu le a sungthu pawl a pom lo tu pawl cu unsedawng (anathema) an si tiah an ti.

         Asinan Baibal lettu pawlin Apocrypha cabu pawl cu Thuthlunghlun san laiih Hebru pawl pom cia mi Thuthianghlim sungah an pom lo ih a hran ten an ret hai. Luther in German ttongin a lehmi Baibal ahcun Apocrypha cabu pawl cu malakhi dunglamah a hranten a ret hai (AD 1534 ah a let ttheh). Cun mirang Baibal (Coverdale Baibal, Geneva Baibal le King James Baibal) pawlin Apocrypha cabu pawl cu an lakkhawmih Baibal sungthu belthbawmtu ah an ret.

        Cun Puritan (Mirang ramih zumtu tthenkhat ) pawlin an rak buaipi ih Baibal ca thianghlim a si tiah pom zo mi siar lo, zianghman Baibal cabu sungah ret tel lo ding asi an ti. Cuticun Pathian thawkkhum asilo an ti mi Apocrypha cabu pawl cu Pathian Thuthlianghlim cabu sungah telh nawn lo dingin an nawrih Baibal an suahsalmi pawl ahcun Apocrypha cabu pawl kha Baibal sungah an ret tel nawn lo. Apocrypha cabu pawl telh loin mirang Baibal suah hmaisa bik mi pakhat cu AD. 1599 ah a suak mi Geneva Baibal asi.

 

B.     APOCRAPA CABU PAWL AN HNAWNNAK THU

 

Tuihlan zumtu le kawhhran hruaitu pawlin Apocrapha cabu pawl hi Pathian thawkkhummi Thuthianghlim an si lo tiah an rak hnawnnak thu malten zoh hnik uhsi.

 

1.      Kamsang pawl ngan mi an si lo.

a.       Khui tawk hmanah Apocrypha cabu pawl hi kamsang pawlih nganmi an si tinak hmuh ding a um lo, curuangah kamsang pawl nganmi an si ti theinak kan nei lo.

b.      Thuhtlunghlun bu neta tabik Malakhi hnu lamah Jews kamsang pawl rawngbawlnak kha a tawp in a langih Pathian kamsang rawngbawltu pawl hmin theih ding an um lo. A hnuailam thu pawl hi zo hnik.

i)        Malakhi in a sim dan cun amai dunghnu ah Pathian kamsang a ra dingmi cu lalpai lamzin sialtu ding asi (Mal. 3:1; 4:5-6)

ii)      Apocrypha cabu sung lala ah Malakhi hnu lamah Pathian kamsang an um nawn lo thu simmi kan hmu thei ( I Macc. 4:46; NEB; I Macc. 9:27;cf. 14:41, RSV). Mipi pawlin a ra thleng dingmi kamsang an hngahnak thu le Isreal ramah Pathian kamsang an um nawn lo hnu ah harsatnak maksak a thlen thu pawl an sim.

iii)     Quram ih cazual pakhat (BC) in a sim dan vek asi le mipi pawlin kamsang an hngahnak thu kan hmu.

iv)    Jews pawl sakhua thu ngannak Babylonian Talmud sung khalah Kamsang Haggai, Zechariah le Malakhi hnu ah Pathian Thlarau Thianghlim in Israel miphun pawl a suahsan ti thu khal kan hmu.  Curuangah, Malakhi san ihsin ti-hnimtu John san tiang Isreal pawl hnenah Pathian kamsang rawngbawlnak a rak um lo tinak asi.

v)      Kum zabi AD pakhatnak ih Jews thuanthu thiam Josephus in a simmi cu, kamsang pawlin Moses san ihsin Artaxerxes tiang thu kimcang zetin an rak ngan. Cun htin a sim bet, "Artaxerxes hnu lam khalah ngan mi cu a um nan kamsang an um nawn lo ruangah zianghman hmatlak le rintlak an si lo" a ti.

2.      Apocrapha sungum thuanthu pawl kha Pathian Thuthianghlim vekin a thawk ah a rak cohlangtu tu mibur an rak um lo.

a.       Hebru pawl Baibal ah Apocrypha cabu pawl hi an telh dah lo. Hebru pawl Thuthlunghlun Baibal ahcun tui kan hman mimpawl lawng hi an rak hman mi asi.

b.      Philio, Alexendria ih Jews mifim pa le Pathian thu thiam in Thuthlunghlun kha a sim tikah Apocrypha pawl hi Pathian thu vekin zaingtik hmanah a sim dah lo.

c.       Jews thuanthu thiam Josephus kha (AD.30-100) Apocrypha pawl hi a rak hnawngih Thuthianghlim lak khalah a telh dah lo.

A hnuailam ih an simnak vekin Thuthlunghlun kha Artexerxes san laiah an rak pom hnget zoih cu mi hnu ih ngan mi pawl cu Thuthlunghlim tiah an pommi cabu pakhat hman hmuh ding a um lo.

Hitin a rak sim, "Kalh aw buai dingin cabu 1000 siar lai kan nei loih Pathian thuthianghlim  tiah kan pommi bu 22 lawng asi. Cumi lakah a hmaisa cu Moses daan pawl an siih Sersiam thawk ihsin Moses thih tiang kum 3000 thluk rei sungthu bu-nga sungah ngan mi asi. Cun Moses thih hnu ihsin Persia lal, Artexerxes san tiang kamsang pawlin bu 13 an ngan. Cun a dang buli pawl cu Pathian thangthatnak hla le nun sim awknak pawl tla an si. Artexerxes san ihsin kan san tiang thu nganmi cu an um nan Pathian kamsang an um nawn lo ruangah a hlan ih nganmi  vekin man an nei lo. Aisnan, ca thianghlim parah fal zetin an rak kilkhawinak cu kanmai sanah tuahmi asi. Zohmanin an bet loih zohman in an la kawi fawn lo. Cuticun Jews pohpoh cun an suah thlak ihsin Pathian thupek an pom ih an thlun, tul sehla cu Pathian Thuthianghlim ruangah cun thih hman an hreh lo ding".

d.      Jamia khua ih Jews mifim filawr (scholar) pawlin Apocrypha cabu pawl kha Thuthianghlim vekin an pom lo.

e.       Sard khua ih bishop Melito (AD. 170) kha Hebru Baibal ah ziang cabu pawl an tel ti zohfel dingah Judea ah a feh ih (Esthar telh loin) Thuthlunghlun pawl cu kimcang zetin a rak telh thluh. Cutikah Apocrypha cabu pawl cu Thuthianghlim cabu lakah a rak telh lo.

f.        Augustine (AD. 354-430) khalin Apocrypha cabu pawl kha a pom nan Jews pawlin Thuthianghlim ah an rak pom lo asi ti a thei. Hitin a sim, "Biak inn pi (Temple) an saksal hnu lam thu hi Thuthianghlim tiah Jews pawlin an pom lo. Asinan, Jews pawlin Thuthianghlim tiah an pom lomi, Khristian pawlin an pommi Apocrypha cabu sungah Jews pawl harsatnak thu pawl kan hmu thei."

g.       Apocrypha cabu pawl Thuthianghlim sungah an siar telnak cu kum zabi 4 AD hrawng ihsin  asi. Grik tongih lehmi Hebru Baibal, Septuagint ( BC 250 -150 hrawngih lehmi), Alexendria ih Jews mifim pa in a leh mi kha  AD zabi pali hrawngah Khristian pawlin Pathian Thutak vekin an run hmangsal. Asinan Jews pawl cun  an sakhua nak lam hruaitu Pathian thutak vekin an hmang lo. Bruce in hitin a sim, "Apocrypha hi Palestine Jews (Israel rammi) pawlin an pom loih Alexendria Jews pawlin Pathianthu vekin an pom asi ti ah an sim ttheu. Asinan, hihi a dik lo. Apocrypha cabu pawl hi Isreal ram sung ah maw ramlengah maw Isreal pawlin Pathian Thu Thianghlimah an rak pom dah loih an hmang dah fawn lo. Cuti si loin, Grik tong hmang Khristian pawlin Alexendria ih ummi an unau Jews pawlin an rak hmang zo si hmang an ti ih Apocrypha cabu pawl cu Pathian thutak vekin an rak pom venak asi."

 

Cuitlunah Greek tong Baibal pawl  khalin khuimi cabu pawl kha pom tlakmi Apocrypha an si ti an sim dah cuang lo. (Trent khua ih kawhhran pum khawm awknak khalah) Judith, Tobit, Wisdom of Solomon, le Ecclesiasticus cabu pawl lawng an rak neih mi asi.

 

h.       Hlanlai ih kawhhran pumkhawmnak (Hippo khua ah 393 le Carthage khua ah 397) ah hotu hrekhat pawl cun Apocrypha cabu pawl cu an rak pom cia vek a bang nan Roman Catholic kawhhran pawlin an zung ihsin Apocrypha pom dingah thusuah an rak suahnak cu kum 1000 rei hnu, April 8, 1546, Trent khua ih kawhhran tawn khawm awknak a voihnihnak an rak neih hnu lawngin  asi. An thusuah tawite cu a hnuai lam vekin a si:

 

"Catholic kawhhran in kan pom zo vekin, Apocrypha cabu pawl a pom lo tu an um asi ahcun,….anse dawngin umseh".

   Tulaisan ih Roman Catholic Pathian thu thiamsang pawl cun Apocrypha cabu pawl cu "Pomnawn salmi" (Deuterocanonical) tiah an ti. Ziangah tile a thawkah an rak pom lo nan lehhnu ah an pom sal mi asi ruangah asi.

 

3.      Apocrypha sungthu um pawl hin Pathian thutak vekin thuneihnak le huham a nei lo.

a.       A sung thu um pawl lakah, thuanthu, ramthu, le sansiardan thuanthu pawl thawn a kalh aw mi a um.

b.      Tualte vanglai le thuanthu lenglawng pawl an si.

c.       Thuthianghlim sungih thutak pawl thawn a kalh aw mi a tel. Thutthimnakah, mithi hrang thlacamnak (II Macc.12:41-45; CF. 16:25-26; Heb. 9:27).

d.      Thutak vekin thuneihnak a nei lo

i)        Apocrypha cabu pawl hi Pathian thawkkhum an sinak kmuihmanah hmuh ding a um lo. Thuthianghlim pawl an ngan lai ah kamsang pawl an um lo ti ah dokalhnak khui hmanah kan hmu lo. Asinan Apocrypha cabu pawl an ngan lai ahcun Pathian kamsang an rak um lo a si ti thu kan hmu thei.

ii)      Thuthlungthar ngantu Khrih dungthlun pawlin Thuthlunghlun sungta tongkam hmanmi an nei nan Apocrypha cabu sungta tongkam Pathian thu vekin hmanmi an nei dah lo. Adungthluntu pawlin Septuagint sungta an hmang nan Apocrypha cu an hmang cuang lo.

iii)    Kawhhran thawh pekte ah hruaitu tampi thinlungah Apocrypha hi Pathian thawkkhummi vekih hmang dingah rin helhnak an rak nei. Zirhnak (doctrine) si loin tha pek awknak ttha fang asi tiah an ti.

 

C.     APOCRAPHA CABU PAWL

 

Catholic Baibal, Revised Standard Version le The New American Bibal sungih an ngan vekin cabu hmin pawl ka run tarlang ding.

 

Revised Standard Bible

1.            I Esdras

2.            II Esdras

3.            Tobit

4.            Judith

5.            Adition to Esther

6.            The Wisdom of Solomon (Book of Wisdom )

7.            Ecclesiasticus (Sirach)

8.            Baruch

9.            The Letter of Jeremiah

10.        The Song of the Three Young Men

11.        Susanna

12.        Bell and the Dragon

13.        The Prayer of Manasseh

14.        I Maccabees

15.        II Macabees

The New American Bible

1.            III Esdras

2.            IV Esdras

3.            Tobias

4.            Judith

5.            Esther 10:4-16:24

6.            Book of Wisdom

7.            Ecclesiasticus

8.            Baruch Ch. 1-5

9.            Baruch Ch. 6

10.        Daniel 3:24-90

11.        Daniel 13

12.        Daniel 14

13.        Prayer of Manasseh

14.        I Machabees

15.        II Machabees

 

I.       Esdras (lole III Esdras), II Esdras (lole IV Esdras), le The Prayer of Manasseh pawl siar lo Apocrypha bu dang pawl cu Roman Catholic Council (Rome Catholic kawhhran tawn awk khawmnak), kum 1546, Trent ah an tuahmi khawmpi cun an pom thluh.

 

Apocrapha Cabu pawl simfiangnak thutawi:

1.      I Esdras ( 150-100 BC)

           Himi cabu hi Apocrypha cabu dang lakah a danglam zetmi asi. Hebru Baibal cabu sungih a ummi thuanthu tamzet pawl thawn bang awk lonak a um lo ti theih asi. I Esdras sungah II Sansiarnak 35: 1-36; 23, Ezara hmuahhmuah, Nehemiah bung 7:73-8:12 pawl a tel. Cuitlunah, Siangpahrang Josiah ih nunnak thu, Babylon pawlin Judah ram an siatsuahnak thu, Cyrus in saltang Jews pawl Jerusalem Biak Inn pi saksal dingin thu a peknak thu, Hagai le Zechariah rawngbawlnak thu, Ezara Jerusalem ah a kir salnak thu le mipi pawl an sual sirnak thu pawl tla a tel. Guard (kiltu) pawlin “ziang a cak bik? Ti mi thu an el awknak thu kha fiangzetin a sim. I Esdras 3:1-5:6 ah “Darius ih ihthat sungah Guard (siangpahrang in kil) pathum pawlin leitlunah ziang tumtahnak a nei ti thu kha an rak el aw. Cule an thu saannak a dik bik in siangpahrang hnen ihsin laksawng an dawng ding asi tiah an rak ruat. Cule an thu saannak cu ca sungah an rak ngan ih siangpahrang pai lukham hnuaiah an rak ret. A pakhatnak cun “zuu a cak bik” tiah a ti.A pahnihnak cun siangpahrang a cak bik tiah a ti. Cule a pathumnak cun nunau a cak bikih thutak in ziangkim a nehthluh tiah a ti ( I Esfras 3:10-12) (NEB). Cule an thu saannak cio cu siangpahrang pa in a theih tikah a pathumnak pa in a neh hai ih lawmman co ding asi. Cule siangpahrangpa in ziang a duh bik tiah a sut tikah a pathumnak lawmman co tu ding pa Zerubabel cun Jews ram din sal dingah siangpahrang pai hnenah a dil. Cule siangpahrang pa in a thukam vekin Zerubabel cu Jerusalem ah kirsal dingah thu a pek. Hi mi thuanthu hi tui protestant pawlin kan hmanmi Baibal sungah a um lo.

 

II.                 Esdras (AD. 100)

             II Esdras hi Apocrapa cabu lakah thupuan simtu umsun a si ih a danglam zet.  Himi cauk hi {Palestine ramih Jews mi pakhat Hebru asilole Aramic tongin a rak ngan mi asi. Hebru le Greek ttongin an rak ngan mi cu a hlo zo ih Latin, Syria le Arminian ttong pawlin a um lai. Himi cabu lawng hi Septuagint Baibal sungah a um lo mi asi.

            Cangantu pa hin sual ( thil ttha lo) le thilttha thu a buaipi bik mi asi ih mi ttha le mi ttha lo pawl hma khua thu khal a buaipi bik mi asi. Pathian in thu a tthen ding thu a sim tel.

 

3. Tobit (BC. 200)

                Hi cabu hi Apocrypha cabu pawl lakah a lar bik cabu pakhat asi ding. Pathian fa le pawl harsatnak hnuai ihsin nehnak an co nak thu a sim. Moses dan pawl thlunih mi harsa pawl bawmtu dinhmun thu a sim. Assyrian hnuai ah thilttha tuah tu a rak si nan vanduainak a rak tong. A phunpi Jews mi pakhat thlanmual ah  a phum hnu ah khawlengah a riahfial ih cu tawk hmunah suntam (vate) in a mit ah thil (bal) pakhat a thlakih a mit cu a caw ta. Cule Tobit cun Job bangin a tuarnak harsa ruangah Pathian hnenah a nunnak laksak dingin a dil ( 3: 6).

            Nunau nu Sarah cu pasal pasarih a nei. Cule a pasal pawl cu thlarua sual; pawlin an thah sak cingcing ih a pasal neta bik tiang an thi thluh. Ziangruangah tile cui thlarau sual cun Sarah cu a rak ngaizawng ruangah asi ti mi thu tla a tel.

            Cun, Tobit fapa, Tobias kha a khualtlawnnak ah vancungmi thawn an tawng aw. Cui vancung mi cun Sarah cu a nupi ah a tthit. Cule cui vancungmi ih nupi tthit zanah Tobias cu meisa in an ur. Cule thlarau sual cu Egypt ramah a thlan hlo. Cui hnu ah Tobias cun nga thin hrekkhat cu a lakih inn ah a phurh hnu ah a pai mitah a hnih ih a pa Tobit cu khua  a hmu thei sal ti mi thu tla a tel. Hi mi cabu sungah thuanthu ngai nuam zetzet tampi a tel.

            Metzger in a sim dan cun, himi cabu in a tumtah bik mi cu Harsatnak cu Pathian in a mile sa pawl parah thlenter a siangih harsatnak lakah Pathian bawmnak le lungawinak a pek mi pawl thu hi thuanthu vekin simg fiang ding a si.

            Martin Luther cun himi cabu hi ngainuam zet thuanthu bu asi ih Khristian pawl khalin siar thlak zet cabu asi tiah a ti.

 

2)      Judith (BC. 150)

             Metzger in a sim dan cun, himi cabu hi Jews pawl thuanthu kha ral thuanthu vekin a simih ngainuam zet asi. Ca ngantu hi Palestine  Jews a si ih Jews pawl biaknak khan doral a tawn lai fangah ngan mi a si in a lang. Cule sakhuanak le hnam thu hi pakhat asi ih hnam/miphun paral ttha pawl cun Pathian daan pawl thlun in an harsatnak le an ral karlak ihsin bawm suak an si ding ti thu pawl a sim tel.

            Judith cu nuhmei milian zet a siih raltha zetin thu a simih an miphun ral a do nak ruangah a hminthannak asi. Amah rori ralramah feh suak in ral a do thu a sim. Judith cabu hi Jews pawl thuanthu mawi zetin an ngannak cabu a si nan phuahcawp men mi vekin a lang.

            Judith cabu sungah thuanthu, tikcu (kum), hmun le ram thu pawl tampi a dik lo mi a um. Thutthimnakah, Nebuchadnezzar kha Assyrian, Nineveh ah lal a ttuan ti asinan a diktak ahcun Babylon lal asi. Cuvekin a dik lo mi tam pi a um.

 

 

5.      Addition to Esther ( 140-130 BC).

            Ca lettu ih Hebrew Baibal kha Grik tongin a let ih cang hrekkhat bet mi a nei. Jerome (AD. 340-420) in  Hebru Baibal kha Latin tongin a rak letih Grik addition ( cang betmi) pawl kha Esther cemnetnak lamah a ret hai. Asinan Jerome ih ttansan le Baibal lehdan pawl cu hnawn asi ih zianghman man nei lo ah a cang. Asinan Stephen Langton in Baibal bungcang a run tthen tikah Esther kha bung 1-10 tiang  a ret ih Grik addition (Greek tongin an leh hnu lawngah an bet mi) pawl kha Esther bung 11-16 ah a ret hai tikah buainak tampi a suahter.

            Calettu in Hebru Baibal kha Grik tongin a rak leh tikah Esther bu sungah Pathian hmin nganmi pakhat hman a tel lo ruangah a ngaihttha loin a rak bet mi asi thei. Betcawmp mi sungah Pathian hmin voikua ngan mi a um.  Metzger in a sim dan cun Esther bu sungih bet cawp mi bungcang pawl hi Esther thuanthu thawn a bang aw lo asi tiah a ti. Kum le tikcu thu a simmi pawl ah tampi bang awk lonak a um asi a ti.

6.      The Wisdom of Solomon (BC.30)

       Cangantu in amah le amah Solomon vekah a ret aw. Asinan Alexandria mi pakhat ih ngan mi a siih amai miphun fimnak le Greek miphun pawl fimnak thu pawl tamzet rak thei tu asi. A tumtahnak bik cu fimnak (wisdom) asi. A tlangpi thu in a ca ngan mi hi tthenthum ah tthen a theih.  A tthenkhatnak (1:1-5:23) cun fimnak le siatral thei lonak ( immortality) thu a sim. A tthenhnihnak (6:1-9:18) cun Solomon ih fimnak thu a sim. A tthen neta bik (10:1-19:22) cun fimnak le thuanthu pawl tla a sim.

7.      Ecclesiasticus (Sirach, 132 BC)

        Himi cabu hi Apocrypha cabu lakah a sau bik a siih bung 51 a um. Ca ngantu pai fapa cu Jesu, Sirach fapa asi, Amah cu zirhtu pakhat si ding vekin a lang. A ca nganmi ih tumtahmi bik cu fimnak asi ih amah le amah tui hlan mifim pawl tlukih fim in a rel aw (24:33;16-18).

     A cabu khai khawm cun pipu fimnak le sakhua thuanthu pawl kom khawm in tuah mi a si.

8.      Baruch (150-50 BC)

            Greek tongin nganmi Thuthlunghlun bu sung ahcun Solomon Ttah Hla hnu ah a ret ih Jeremiah ih kaithlun Baruch ih nganmi ti asi. Baibal thiamsang hrekkhat cun mi pahnih asilole pahnih hnakih tamih nganmi asi ding tiah an zum. Cabu sungah a sim vekin himi cabu hi Baruch in Babylon ah a va sarsuakmi asi tiin a lang.

           A sung um thu ah, Jerusalem puithiam hrangah tangka an kuat thu (Ch.1: 1-14); Isreal pawl an sir aw ih an thlacamnak le Pathian hremnak thu (1:15-2:10); Pathian laksawng pekmi Daan thu (3:9-4:4); sal tannak le runsuaknak hla (4:5-5:9) pawl an tel. Himi cabu sungah thuanthu a dik lo mi a um. Canghnihnak (V.2) ah Biak inn kha siatsuah zo mi vekin a simih cang hra (v 10) nakah Biak inn pi cu saksal zo mi vekin a sim. Cun Belshazzar kha Nebuchadnezzar ih fapa asi loih Nabonidus ih fa asi sawn (Cang.11).

9.      Jeremiah ih cakuat (The letter of Jeremiah) (300-100BC)

             Himi cabu cu LXX in Ttah Hla hnu ah a ret. Ca ngan tu in milem biaknak a dodalnak thu a si. Milem pawlin nunnak an neih lo zia, mi an bawm thei lo zia, tthathnemnak an neih lo zia, le milem biak tthatlonak thu pawl asi. Ca ngantu in, "milem pawl cu Pathian an silo ih ttih aw hlah" tiah vawikua lai a sim nawn.

10.  The Song of ther Three Young Men ( Mino pathum Hla-kum zabi 1 lole 2 BC)

                 Azariah ih thlacamnak le Daniel rualpi pathum pawl hla sakmi thuanthu kawmkhawm mi asi. Himi cabu cu tthenthum ah tthen theih asi. A tthenkhatnak cu Daniel rualpa, Abenego in a simmi asi. A tthenhnihnak ahcun cangcungmi in ziangtin Daniel rualpi pathum pawl kha a runsuak timi thu a sim. A tlangpi thu in a cabu pum in sersiam mi ziangkim in Pathian thangthat dingin fawrhfialnak asi.

 

11.  Susanna (BC. Zabi 2 lole 3)

            Susanna cu Babylon ih saltang Jew pakhat pai nupi a siih miin uire an puhih thutthentu in a sual asi tiah thu an tthen hnu ah Daniel in a run suaknak thu a sim. Susanna cu nu pitling le duh um zet asi. Susanna cabu sungah cang 63 a um. A tumtah bik mi mipi hmai ih diknak hnakin nitin nunah pathian hmaiih thianhlimnak a thupitzia a sim duhnak asi. A sung ih thu um pawl in a simmi hi saltang pawl dinhmun thawn a mil aw lo mi a um. Asinan ngainuam zet thuanthu asi.

12.  Bel and the Dragon (BC.100)

            Himi cabu hi thuanthu pahnih kawmkhawmmi asiih a hmaisa ahcun Susanna cabu vekin Daniel ih fimvarnak thu a sim. Milem biaknak pawl nautat zawngin nganmi asi. Bel temple cu Babylon ah a hminthang zet mi a siih cumi laiah leitlun thilmak pasarih lakah a tel mi asi.

           A pahnihnak ahcun Daniel in Babylon pawl biak mi rulpi a thah ruangah kiosa khur sungah an thlak ih Pathian in a hum thu le kamsang Habakuk in Babylon ah Daniel ih ei ding rawl a rak ken thu tla a sim tel.

 13.  The Prayer of Manasseh ( Manasseh Thlacam) Kumzabi 2 lole 1 BC.

                  II Samuel in a simmi Manasseh cu saklam Isreal ramih lal pawl lakah a sual bik asi. Lal a tuan laiah a rak sual tukih milem tiang a rak bia. Cule a thilsual tuahmi pawl a dodaltu pawl cu a rak that ttheu. Asinan Babylon ah sal a tan hnuah a sir aw salih Pathian hmaiah a kunsal (II San.33:11-13). Himi cangantu in Manasseh in ziangtin thla a cam ding ti a rak suangtuahnak in a ngan mi asi in a lang.

 

14.  I Maccabees (BC.110)

                  Maccabees hmaisa in Jews awl in an sakhua le an politics hrangah zalennak an rak sualnak thu a sim (Kum zabi 2 BC). Alexandria ih thihhnu rei lo te ah Greek rampi cu tthenli ah a tthen aw (323 BC). Cumi sanlai ah Palestine cu Seleucid uknak hnuai ah an um. Maccabees I in Syria in Seleucid siangpahrang Antiochus Ephipanes thuanthu a sim ( BC 175).  Antiochus in Palestine Jews pawl kha an sakhua nak ih an tuah mi pawl sabath ulhnak, daan siarnak pawl kha tuah lo dingin a kham ih milem biak an fial tikah Jews pawlin an do letve. Cumi doletnak cu puithiam Mattahias in a ho ih I Maccabees ah a fapa pathum pawl thu a ngan: Judah Maccabees (3:1-9:22), Jonathan (9:23-12:52), le Simon (13:1-16:24). Himi cabu a thupitnak cu Khrih a rat hlan i Jews pawl thuanthu a sim ruangah a tha zetih theih tha zet a si.

15.I Maccabees (110-70 BC)

                  II Maccabees cabu hi a pakhatnak Maccabees pehzawmmi asi loih a pakhatnak ngan lai thotho ah ca ngantu in a rak ngan mi asi. Antiochus Epiphanes (BC 175) ihsin (BC 160) tiang kum 15 sung thu pawl a ngan. Maccabees pakhatnak ih a hmailam bung 7 sungih a thu pi pawl kha Meccabess pahnihnak thu pi thawn an bang aw deuh. Maccabees hmaisa cu a ca ngandan a awlsam ih thuanthu tluangtlam ngan vekin ngan mi asi. Cun a pahnihnak Macaabees cu thuanthu le Pathian thu rawi in ngan mi asi ih theih a har deuh. Metzger in a sim dan cun a hmaisa Maccabess cun Isreal mi ralttha le Maccabees ho tu pawl kha a cawisangih a neta Maccabees cabu cun Pathian thuthiam pawl thu le Isreal sakhuanak cu milem be pawl sakhuanak hnakin a cuangmuar deuh asi ti thu pawl tla a ngan tel.

           Himi cabu sungah thuanthu thawn a kalh aw mi a um hnuaihni. Cuitlunah II Maccabees hi ca ngantu pai nganmi a um nawn loih thuanthu thei Cyrene ih Jason in a ngan bet mi asi. Casiartu pawlin fiangzetin an theihthei nak dingah a ngan bet ih a remtthat sal mi asi (2:23-26).