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Pension Hrang Sum Khawl Dan Phunphun
US um pawl hrang: Ramdang um pawl interest nan um pangah tiah Lailun pawl copy ka lo kuat.
(Laimi zokhal Mike Tyson vek cang lo ding hi thil thupi zet asi: Mike cun a boxing thawngnak in US $ 300 (million zathum) leng lo a ngah nan tu (kum rei lo te) ah zero in a to ih bankrupt asi. ziangruangah? Sumpai thaten a khawl lo ruangah asi).
USA um tikah sumkhawl dan hi a thupi zet. Bank ah sum neih mi ret tikah zianghman a pung a um lo tluk asi, bank hrekhat ahcun .5 tivek tla a pung an pek. Cucu umzia nei lo tluk asi. Cun laitlang bangin sum hleifuan neih sun te kha ihphah hnuaiah a tel in ret men asile kumtin te a man a tum vivo fawn. US ah inflation (thilman kai lolesumman tla) hi 4% to 6% asi. Tlawng tuition fee hi inflation hnakin lehthum in kumtin te a kai vivo. Curuangah tuikum 2006 ah US $ 1000 in a lei theih mi cu tuihnu kum 20 rei, 2026 ahcun US $ 3,000 lenglo pek a tul thlang ding. A dang zwngin kan sim asile tuikum 2006 ih US $ 1000 kan neih mi cu ihphah hnuaiah a telin kan ret asile tui hnu kum 20 ahcun tuisun ih US $ 500 tluk fang man a nei ding tinak asi. Cun khatlamah hnatuan tu pawl khalin tarkun tiang hnatuan khal asile hlawhman a pung ciamco cuang lo dingih cozah in khawpkham pension a pek fawn lo ding tikah no lai ihsin, hnatuan thawk tir ihsin pension hrang sum khawl tento thei hi a thupi ngaingai mi asi. Cui hleiah US um laimi pawl in inn kan lei cio tikah damsung hmanah kan pe thluh thei pei maw ti ding khawpin leiba kan nei cio. Cutikah nitin tlatin le kumtin sum laklut mi (income) sung ihsin ziangzat hi leiba ah, ziangzat ei in ah, ziangzat nuamnung cennaka, ziangzat pension hrangah a feh a tul timi hi thaten ruat khawm a tul. Leiba nei le nei lo khal sumlut mal le tam khal ni khatkhat ah kan tar theh cio ding tikah tarlam hrang ruat cia a tul. Laitlang ahcun kan tar ih hna kan tuan thei nawn lo tikah telefa ten zoh le cawm awk asi, thih tikah khawpi le senpi in vui awk asi. Asinan USA uktikah dinhmun a dang ti zo cio khal in theih asi. CUruangah sumlut mi sung ihsin pension hrang feh ding hi, a tam maw a mal maw, a lotheih lo tlukin ruatin khawl tento cio a thupi tihi USA citizen pawl khalin an sumpai tuaktan dan tlang pi asi. Cumi hrang ruatin US cozah in mimal pakhat cio in hlawkpi dingin pension sumkhawl dan a tuah sak mi pawl hi hman tangkai thiam thei le hlawk pi thei cio hi a thupi zet mi asi tiah ngai pawimawh in a hnuai lam vekin malte rel khawm hnik uhsi.
# Social security pension:
SS pension cu US kumpi kutah ret asi ih mai duh zatzat ret si loin income parah cozah in a retsak mi asi. Tuisunah hnatuan tu pawl hnen ihsin cozah in a laksami SS tax kha tuisunih SS pension ei rero pawlin an rak ei. CUvek thotho in, kannih kan SS pension kan ei tikah thangthar hnatuan lai pawlih SS Tax pekmi kha kan ei ve leh ding. A tlangpi thu in US SS pension ngah mi hi thlakhat ah US $ 900 hrawnghrang asi. SS pension ngah thei dingin US ah “Work Credit” 40 quarters neih a tul, 40 Qs tu mi pakhatin kum 10 sung fulltime hnatuan a tuan mi thawn a zat aw hrawng. Kum hra hna a tuan lo mi pawl hrangah nupi-pasal lole fale work credit neih mi tla siar telh cih dan aum ruangah kum upa zo 40 qs work credit nei lo pawl hrang ahcun tha ten hliakhlai a tha zet.
SS hi cozah in privatize an tuah tum rero lai I hmailam ah ziangvek a cang ding ti cu sim theih asi hrih lo. Mi tampi in an phan mi le ti-ti celcel mi cu: a tu hi baby boomers (1940 ihsin 1960 ih suak pawl) generation pawl an pension rero thlang, Social security pension an lak thawk rero thlang tikah social security fund in a daih lo ding an phang. Ziangruangah tile 1940 to 1960 karlak ah naute tam tuk an rak suak tikah khami lai ih rak suah pawl an pension tikah pension ei tu an tam tuk dingih hnatuan tu (social security tax pek tu) an mal sawn vivo ding tikah social security fund in a daih lo ding an phang.
# 401K:
401K hi company ah hnatuan pawlin an hlawhman sung ihsin an hnatuannak company hnenah pension hrang sum an khawl cia mi asi. 401k thu thawn pehpar in theih tul mi tete:
1) Contribution limit: Mi pakhatin hlawhzat zir in zakhatah ziangzat tiang ret theih ti a um. Thimnakah, 3%, 5%, 10%, tvp.
2) Matching: Hnatuantu in amai hlawhman sung ihsin a 401k account ah a ret mi hlei ah Company in sum an betsak, 3% to %5 hrawng hi a tlang pi thu in company in a betsak theu. Umzia cu, mi pakhat in a zarhtin paycheck sung ihsin US $ 10 kha a 401k account ah a khawl asile company in US $ 10 an betsak asi ahcun zarhtin US $ 20 a pension (401k) hrangah a khawl tinak asi. Kumkhat sungah hnatuan tu in US $ 520 a khawl tikah Compnay in US $ 520 an bet sak ding ruangah a zate a 401k account sungah a lut dingmi cu US $ 1040 asi ding, (thlatin a pung mi siar tel hrih loin) ih kumkul sung a ret asile amah in US $ 10, 400 a khawl dingih company in US $ 10,400 an betmi thawn US $ 20,800 kha a 401k ah ret asi ding, a pungmi siar tel hrih loin.
3) Vesting: Hnatuan tu in a hlawhman a suah tiktikah 401k hrangah a retmi khal a account sungah a lut cih. Asinan company in a betsak mi cu company dan vekin an duh tiktkah bet asi ruangah kumkhat voikhat, voihnih, lole kumthum tuan hnu khalah a cang thei mi asi.
4) Pretax contribution: hnatuan tu in a hlawh man sung ihsin 401k ah a retmi pohpoh cu cozah hnenah tax pek tul lo mi asi. Asinan 401k kha laksal tikah regular income tax rate in tax pek sal a tul. Umzia cu, hnatuantu pakhat cun kumkhat ah US $ 40,000 a ngah ih 401k sungah $ 5,000 a ret asi ahcun kumkhat sungah US $ 35,000 sung lawngin cozah hnenah tax a pek a tul tinak asi.
5) Kum bitiam: 401k cu hnatuan tu 59 ½ a kim hlanah lak asile regular income tax rate hlei ah 10% tax penalty cozah hnenah pek bet a tul. Cun, hnatuan tu kum 70 a kum tikah a 401k khawl mi sung ihsin a lak lo asile cozah in 10% tax penalty a sum khawl mi sung ihsin an laksak thiamthiam ding.
6) 401k cu khuitawkah ziangtin ret asi:
Retnak investment company: 401k sum retmi pawl cu hnatuannak company (x) in investment company (y) hnenah a hlawm in an company hnatuan (employee) pawl hmuahmuah ta kha ret khawm asi.
7) 401k retnak *fund* cu ziangvek an si ih ziangtluk an thupi?
i) 401k account ah sumkhawl mi pawl cu mutual fund ah ret asi. Cun, mutual *fund* phunphun a um ruangah ziangvek *fund* sungah mi pakhatin a ret timi parah a pung tampi a bang aw lo thei, a tam le a mal a tum thei. Thimnakah, mi pakhat cun US $ 50,000 kha kum 20 sung hna a tuan ih a ngah mi sung ihsin a 401k account ah a ret ih a retnak mutual *fund* cu “Money Market”, “Govt. security” le “guarantee fund” pawl ah asile Market rate ih zirin a pung amal bik fund pawlah a ret tinak asi. A dang pakhat pa in a tlun pai ret zat kha fund (Stock fund pawl) ah a ret ahcun a tlun pa hnakin kum reipi hnu ahcun a sumpung a tam sawn thei. Thimnakah, “Money Market” ah a rettu pa cun US $ 50,000 a ret mi kha a pung thawn kum 20 hnu ah US $ 75,000 a ngah laiah “Stock Fund” ah a rak rettu pa midang pakhat pa cun US $ 200,000 ihsin $ 300,000 tiang a ngah thei tinak asi.
Curuangah a tu ka sim rero mi hi, a biktakin US thleng tar pawl hrangah, hmailam kumkul sumthum hnu ah, leitlungpi a tunghmun asile, mi tampi in “ASI NGAI UAL” an ti rero lai ding.
ii) Sum retnak Fund phunphun pawl:
-Money Market Fund-hi mi fund pawl hi a pung mal bik pawl (eg., 2% -4%) fund an si. Tlak niam le pung um lo, sung ti khal a um thei ve lo, market a siat theh lawlaw ti lo ahcun. Check writing feature an ti ih Checking account vek deuh thaw in check ngan tahrat in suah theih cih asi. Himi fund an hman tambik nak cu tikcu rei lo te sung, eg. Kumkhat kumhnih sung, lole thlaruk sung tivek sum malte pung khal thahnem ti ruat pawlin an hmang theu.
- Bond fund: himi khal a pung malbik pawl fund pakhat asi, asinan sung khal a mal. Bond fund ah a phunphun a um hrih, govt. bond fund pawl cu tax free an si ih sum a pung mi sung ihsin zianghman a pung pek a tul lo.
-Stock fund: Stock fund ah, US stock, European Stock, latin America stock, International stock, tvp. a phunphun a um hrih, mai phur zawngzawngah ret theih asi. Stock fund pawl hi a cancan le a tla niam zuarzo theu nan kum reipi ret duh tu pawl hrang ahcun a man a tlakcan a tam nan bond le money market pawl hnakin a hlawk thotho ti asi, tuihlan kum 100 sung US market thuanthu vek asile.
iii) Curuangah 401k ret tikah ziangvek fund sungah mi pakhatin a ret timi parah thum aw in a pung mal le tam a um thei ruangah 401k pension account nei tu pawl cun fimkhur zetin zoh le ret a thupi zet.
Compnay zate in 401k account nei tu pawl hrangah Mutual fund duhduh hril thei dingin fund ziangmawzat cu hril ding an um ter theu. A thlang mi thu in: Money Market Fund or Guarantee fund, Govt. securities, Municipla Bond fund, US or International Stock fund pawl hi hril ding an ret theu.
8) 401k le Tax.
A tlunah kan sim zo vekin 401k account ah retmi sumlut (income) hi cozah hnenah tax pek lo mi asi. Curuangah a hlawknak cu sum a pung le ret lawng si loin cozah hnen ihsin tax pek ding zat kha hawk mi asi. Thimnaka, mi pakhat kumkhat ah US $ 40,000 sumlut (income) nei tu cun kumkhat hrangah 401k ah US $ 5000 a khawl asile kumtawp tax a file tikah US 35,000 sung lawng ihsin cozah hnenah tax pek tulmi sumlut (income) a nei asi. Cutikah 401k rak ret lo ta sisehla US 5000 a hnenah a zaten a lut lo dingih, tax a pek tul ruangah, a mai hnenah a lut taktak mi cu US $ 4500 hrawng fang asi thei. Cutin 401k a ret ruangah cozah hnen ihsin US $ 500 tax a pek ding zat kha a hlawk/miat liolio tinak asi.
9) Rollover:
US ah damsung company pakhat lawngah hnatuan hi 20% hman an um lo ding ruangah company pakhat ihsin suak tikah 401k kha company hlun ah ret ringring a tul lo. Rollover tuah theih asi. Rollover tuah tikah mai duhnaknak investment company ah IRA account on theih asi ih 401k ret vek thotho in mutual fund phunphun ah a pung um in le tax pek tul loin ret theih asi. Rollover tuah tikah a hlawknak pakhat cu IRA ihsin Roth IRA ah rollover tuah bet theih asi ih Roth IRA neitu pawl ih hlawknak pakhat lala cu pension an ei/lak sal tikah cozah hnenah tax pek a tul nawn lo.
10) Company hnatuan nak ih 401k pension plan an nei asile ret tengteng ding. A ret lo cun 401k an nei lo ding.
11) Kumkim hlanah 401k account ih retmi sumpai laksal thei dan:
401kk sungah sumpai retmi pawl hi pawimawh cakkhai ahcun cozah hnenah 10% tax penalty pek tul loin lak theih asi.
IRA, Roth IRA, Keogh, Etc.
Hnatuannak company in 401k pension plan an neih lo tikah, asilole nupi maw pasal lawng hna a tuan ih hnatuan lo tu deuh hrangah pension plan ret duh tikah a tlun ih tarmi pawl account on theih asi.
Individual Retirement Account (IRA) account ah pension khawl tikah 401k vek thotho in pension account sungah sum khawl mi pawl hi cozah hnenah tax pek tul lo mi asi ih a pung mi khal tax pek tul lo mi asi. Asinan, Roth IRA siar lo cu, pension account hmuahhmuah ihsin pension laksal tikah cozah hnenah tax pek a tul. IRA account ret tikah theih tul mi tetele a hlawknak pawl:
Hnatuantu zo khal in ret theih asi, sumlut (income) a tam tuk lo asile. (Laimi hnatuan 99% cun income mal sungah kan tel hrih lai ding a zum um). Cun hnatuan lo deuh, nupi maw pasal khalin ret theih asi.
Kumkhat sungah US $ 4,000 (kum 50 tlun lam sile $ 4,500) khawl theih asi.
Cun, khat lamah US $ 4000 cu pension planah a ret lo khal asile a zaten a hnen ah a lut lo ding, cozah hnenah tax a pek tul ruangah. Curuangah, sumhailut (gross income) $ 4000 nei tucun a hnenah a lut dingmi cu $ 3,500 hrawng fang asi thei. Cutikah IRA account ah pension plan a nei tu cun cozah hnen ihsin US $ 500 a hlawk/miat tinak asi.
# Roth IRA
Roth IRA cu IRA vek thotho asi ih a dang lamnak te a um. Cumi cu IRA ihsin Roth IRA rollover tuah a theih. IRA account nei tu in Roth IRA ah thleng a theih. Roth IRA account sung ihsin pesion ei hlakhlo, lak sal tikah cozah hnenah piasen hman tax pek a tul lo. Asinan Roth IRA account hi direct in on asile pek lamah after tax money in pek asi. Umizai cu 401k le IRA vek si loin Tax Deductable a siloin sumlut sung ihsin cozah hnenah tax pek hnu ah sum pension sum khawl asi.
Tui hnu kum 20 ihsin 30 hnu ah a tar ding pawl ( a biktakin, a tu ah kum 40 hnuai lam asi mi pawl) cun tuisin thaten pension hrang sum khawl asile tarkun tiang hnatuan tul loin Social security pension le personal pension plan neih mi (401k, IRA) pawl thawn kum 60 hnu lamah thin hahdam zetin nun theih asi ding. Mi hrekhat cu kan ramah tlung tahratin sumpai thlaivai lo ten tarlam can hmang duh tla mi tampi an um lai ding ruangah pension fund hi no lai ihsin thaten le fimkhur ten khawl tento thiam hi a thupi zet. No lai ah mai in le lo, ei le in ruat tul thawn mai hrang siseh u le unau hrang le ram le miphun hrang tiang in tuah duh mi le mi bawm duh mi bawm le hnatuanthei loin mi tampi kan um. Asinan damnak Pathian in in pek ih taima zetin hnatuan tu pawl cun pension plan thaten an ret asi ahcun an tarsiat hlanah ram le miphun sungle khat telefa hrang siseh senpi vangtlang hrangah siseh hnatuan theinak ding lamzin le tikcu cantha an nei lai asi ti duhsaknak thu hlan phah in le US kumpi in senpi vangtlang hrangah sumpai khawldan hmanrua le a ruatsak mi pawl hi a tangkai bik in hmang thei cio ding duhsak nak thawn hi ca hi buatsaih asi ruangah zokhal print duh, hmang duh le midang seherh mi hnenah zemsawng theih asi.
Cui hlei ah retirement/pension plan thu thawn peh aw in theih bet duh mi nei cun ka lo bawm thei dingin nan ruat asi ahcun ziang tik lai khalah email in maw phone in maw pehtlaih theih ringring ka si.
Lungawi,
HM
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