American Ram ih Gang Pawlkom le Sungtel pawl thutawi
America ramah 1980 hrawngah gang pawlkom 2000 lenglo a rak ummih sungtel 100,000 lenglo an um tiah an sim (Miller, 1992). 1980 hnu lamah mino gang cangvaihnak a pung sinsin ruangah 1996 ahcun gang pawlkom 31,000 lenglo le sungtel 846,000 tluk an um ding tiah an Moore And Terrtt press in a sim. USA Today in 8/3/2005 ah a sim dan vek asile, US Department of Justice in a simmi gang sungtel 700,000 an um asi a timi hnakin USA ramsung mino gang sungtel pawl hi mipum 200,000 tlukin a tam sawn ding ti ah asim. Himi Gang pawl hi mino kum 12 ihsin 24 karlak mi pawl an si bik. Department of Justice in 2000 ah a simdan vek asile Gang sugntel pawl lakah 94% cu mipa an si ih 6% cu nunau an si ti asi, ih 50 % tluk cu kum 18 hnuai lam mi an si. Gang pawlkom sungtel pawl ziangzat ciah an si ding ti an theithei lo. Ziangruangah tile, Gang pawlkom sungtel sinak cu a kumkhua sungtel sinak asi lo hlei ah cozah palik le dan kenkawhnak lam zung hnatuan department tampi in an sim duh lo ruangah asi fawn. Mi hrekhatin sim tam asile mipi an tlavai menmen asi an ti.
1980 hrawng ihsin USA ah mino gang pawlkom a suak ciamco, phunhnam tete in then aw mi mino gang pawlkom tampi an um, cupawl lakah mirang (White )gang, Midum (Black gang), Irish gang, Jweish Gang, Asian Gang, le Italian gang ti pawl hi a larlam pawl tla an si. Kum zabi 19 lai ah a rak lar hmaisa mino gang pawl cu Irish, Jweish, Italian gang pawl tla an rak si (Haskins, 1974; Sante, 1991). Curry te in an Hliakhlainak vek asile mino gang sungtel pawl hi 48% midum, 43 % maxican, 3 to 5% mirang, le 4 % Asian mi pawl tla an si an ti (Curry, 1996). Asinan kum 2000 ah U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency in a sim vek asile, mino gang zate lak ah 47% cu Hispanic (Maxican), 31% Midum (African American), 13% mirang, le 7% Asian mi an si ti asi.
Ziangtin USA ramah mino gang pawlkom a suak timi fumfe in an thei lo. Mixican ram ih gang pawl ihsin a ra kungkai vivo mi asi ding tiah a sim an um.
Gang pawl hi lamlak par ihsin zuu dawr pawl ah siseh khawlak ah harsatnak mi tampi an pek theu. Cutin gang pawlkom pawl hin a hrekhat cu thil tha lo, si tha lo, drugs, cocaine (no.4) tivek tla an zuar in an hmang. American ramah sualnak tuah mi (crime) ruangah milesa pawl in kumtin US $ 655 an cem, ih a tamsawn cu tuahmawh tuar tu pawl ih cemmi asi. American mipi in tuahsualnak (crime) ruangah (tax) tangka US $ 90 million kumtin an cem theu hleiah mimal humhim awknak ah kumtin US $ 65 million tluk an cem ti ah an sim. USA ah kumtin te mi 16,000 in an nunnak Gang pawl kut ihsin tuahmawhnak tuar in an nunnak an hloh phah theu ti asi.
“Ka fapa cu gang pawlkom sungtel asilo. Gang pawl in an thah lai ah khan Medical doctor zir dingin Long Island ah college zir lai asi. Gang pawl cangvaihnak hi kan ngaihthah men thei ding ti ah nan ruat asile ka hmithmai sia hi izoh uhla, ka fapa hmelmawi zet zuk khi zoh hnik uh” tiah Pamela Conrrente, a fapa Gang pawl in an thasak mi in a sim. Hivek in USA ah sualnak nei lo mino, upa ti um loin gang pawl kutah nunnak a liam mi tampi an um. Voi tampi cu lamzin par ah siseh in ah siseh misual (gang) pawlin an sumpai, thilri an laksak duh ruangah siseh amah thawn a pehpar lo nacingin an kiangkap milai, rualpi par ah a thleng mi ruangah siseh nunnak can phah mi tampi an um.
Los Angles Palik pawl in an sim dan vek asile Los Angeless khawpi ih um midum mipa Kum 21 ihsin 24 karlak pawl hmuahhmuah lakah a hrek hnak ih tam cu Gang sungtel an si. District Attorney Ira Reiner in 1991 ah a simvek asile Los Angeless khawlipi lawngah Gang pawlkom 1000 le sungtel 150,000 tluk an um ti asi. USA khawlipi Los Angeless, Chicago ti pawl ah Gang an tambik tiah an sim fawn.
USA cozah le mipi tangrual in nasa ten gang pawlkom le cangvaihnak tiriam dingin an zuam rero na’n a tutiang gang pawlkom cangvaih nak cu a riam thei lo lawng asi loin an cak sinsin nak tla tampi a um. Santhar sanah cell phone le computer tiang mitin hman theih asi vivo tikah gang le misual pawl hrangah pehtlaih awknak le cangvaihnak bawmtu tha ah a cang sinsin. Curualrual in cozah lam khalin nasaten an zuam ve ruangah gang pawlkom ziangmawzat le sungtel pawl tla cu an dem phah zet.
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Asungthu pawl hi a hnuailam casuah mi pawl ihsin lakmi ansi:
1) DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE OFFICE PROGRAMS BJA NIJ OJJDP BJS OVC U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Juvnile Justice Bulletin , Aug 1998 2) Caught in the Crossfire: Arresting Gang Violence By Investing in Kids http://www.fightcri me.org/reports/ gangreport. pdf 3) http://www.usatoday .com/news/ nation/2005- 08-03-gangs- under-estimated_ x.htm 4) Source: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, National Youth Gang Survey Trends from 1996 to 2000, by Arlen Egley, Jr. |